This paper provides an overview of the current status of the development of the charging infrastructure for battery electric vehicles and the challenges for its future design. For this purpose, economic aspects of the future infrastructure as well as regulatory obstacles are also considered, which partly stand in the way of the efficient development of the charging infrastructure as well as the integration of the new consumers in a way that is as beneficial to the grid as possible.
A core result of the analysis of the competitive situation is that a high market concentration can be observed in the market for normal and fast charging points. The early market stage in the fast charging station market, but also the formation of local monopolies with regard to normal charging points, contributed to the high level of market concentration. In order to foster more competitive structures in the future, existing local market structures should be taken more into account when allocating locations and subsidies for both types of charging point markets.
